It is an unfair labour practice if one of the parties refuses to negotiate with the other party through collective agreements, but the parties are not obliged to reach an agreement or make concessions. After workers have chosen a union as their negotiator, employers and unions must meet at reasonable times to bargain in good faith for wages, hours, holiday periods, insurance, safety practices and other mandatory matters. Some management decisions, such as outsourcing, offshoring, and other business changes, may not be mandatory bargaining matters, but the employer must negotiate the impact of the decision on the unit`s employees. The court ruled that if the royalties are used by the union for “collective bargaining, contract management and complaint adjustment, the agency shop clause is valid.” .
